Vocabulary -1

 

Alfred George Gardiner was an English journalist, editor and author. His essays, written under the alias "Alpha of the Plough", are highly regarded. He started his literary career as a journalist. At age of 37, he was appointed editor of the Daily News. He made regular contributions to the Daily News, The Manchester Evening News etc. His essays are uniformly elegant, graceful and humorous. ‘The Pillars of Society’, ‘Pebbles on the Shore’, ‘Many Furrows and Leaves in the Wind’ are some of his best known writings. His uniqueness lies in his ability to teach the basic truths of life in an easy and amusing manner. He rai the question of morality in everyday life.

Good Manners are of great value in human life. Bad manners are not a legal crime but people with bad manners or rude are always disliked. Small courtesies win us a lot of friends. Words like ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ can help in making our day to day life very smooth. The law does not permit us to hit back if we are the victims of bad manners but if we are threatened with physical violence, the law permits us some liberty of action especially when someone intrudes. Like good manners bad manners also create a chain reactions. Social life practices demands politeness from us. A good mannered person will find that his work becomes easier from the overwhelming co-operation that he gets from others.On Saying "Please" is a beautiful and meaningful essay written by A G Gardiner. to bring a social change by bringing a change in the social behaviour of every individuals. The title ‘On Saying ‘Please’ gives us a hint that the topic is related to manners. We should know the importance of saying ‘ please’ to others. Good manners make us a socially accepted person. It makes healthy relationship between individuals. It improves the society and makes people happy. Happiness helps us a lot in our life. 

New words:-

Undoubtedly - known for certain to be so

Discourtesy - not polite, rudeness

assault and battery - an attack which includes not only threats but the actual use of violence

burglar - thief who breaks into houses shops etc with the intention of stealing

retaliate - to do something bad to someone who has done something bad to you

comply - act in accordance with a wish or command.

sanction - official permission or approval for an action.

attune - make receptive or aware

Sensibility - the quality of being able to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences; sensitivity.

slur - speak (words) indistinctly so that the sounds run into one another.

black eye - an area of skin around the eye that has gone dark because it has been hit:

endorse - declare one's public approval or support of.

assailant - an attacker

legislate - to make a law or laws

violence - action or feeling that causes damage, unrest etc

to box - to fight with the fists (closed hands)

haughty - a high opinion of oneself and often a low position of others

boorish - rude, uncultured

laceration - hurt feelings

slur - a cause of blame

redress - remedy, set right

vanity - pride

brooding over - spend time thinking anxiously or sadly about something

equilibrium - balance (of the mind, emotions)

bullied - threatened

insolent - very rude

henpecked –a husband who always does what his wife tells him to do

black eye – dark coloured skin around somebody’s eye where he or she has been hit

endorse - official agreement to the decision

martyrdom - the death or suffering of a martyr

morose - unhappy, very sad and ill tempered

Decalogue - the Ten Commandments

Verdict - judgement

intercourse - communication, conversation

resentment - anger

ordeal - difficult or painful experience

knave - a dishonest person

cheerfully - happily

squared - having no doubt, settled

countenance - a person’s face or expression

treading - pressing down something with foot

assured - confident

inexhaustible - unlimited ,can never be finished

solicitous - caring or concerned, giving helpful care

irradiated - (here) spread or produced

uncouth - impolite, unrefined

benediction - a blessing

conciliatory - trying to win friendly feelings

panegyric - a speech or piece of writing praising someone highly

moral affront – insult, disrespect

boor - a rude insensitive person

civil - courteous and polite.

discriminating - having or showing refined taste or good judgement.

rebuke - express sharp disapproval or criticism of (someone) because of their behaviour or actions.

disposed - inclined or willing./having a specified attitude to or towards.

countenance - a person's face or facial expression.

treading - walk in a specified way.

assured - confident.

difference between incivil and uncivil

incivil is (rare) displaying a lack of courtesy; rude, impolite uncivil is not civilized; savage; barbarous; uncivilized.

Moral affront  -  a personally offensive act or word; deliberate act or display of disrespect; intentional slight; insult

Words for polite communication

1) Thank you – To express gratitude

2) Excuse me – To take permission to go ahead or to ask something/ Used when you are leaving/

3) Pardon me – To ask to repeat the words

4) May I – To take permission

5) Yes / No sir – To agree or disagree with respect - man

6) Yes / No madam - To agree or disagree with respect - woman

7) You are welcome – To accept the expression of gratitude

8) Mention not – Reply to thank you, need not to say thank you.

9) I am sorry – To tell someone that you are ashamed for hurting them, to say disagree, to oppose other’s view politely

10) My pleasure- To tell you are happy to help or do favour

11) Do you mind - used for asking permission to do something

12) I would be delighted - used for accepting an invitation

Words Expressing Personality 

a) Humility          : Modesty

Example- His humility is appreciable because he has the ability to respect even his bitter critics 

b) Self-esteem :Self respect

Example- There is no other loss than loosing one's self – esteem before one's family members. 

c) Gratitude: The quality of being grateful.

Example- It is our duty to express our gratitude to our great freedom fighters. 

d) Courtesy: to be polite in one's attitude and behaviour towards others.

Example-  showing courtesy in our dealings is a great quality.

e) Generosity: being kind and generous.

Example- Some business men are generous enough to done to the community.

f) Sympathy: The feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune.

Example- We should be sympathetic towards our fellow beings. 

g)Empathy: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

Example- It is a rare blessing to be empathetic with people around us.

Empathy is a term we use for the ability to understand other people's feelings as if we were having them ourselves. ... Sympathy refers to the ability to take part in someone else's feelings, mostly by feeling sorrowful about their misfortune.